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| 1289 |
| | Edward I of England arranges for his 5-year-old heir to marry Margaret the Maid of Norway, the 7-year-old heiress to the kingdom of Scotland | |
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| 1290 |
| | The death of Margaret, child heiress to the Scottish throne, results in John de Balliol being chosen as king | |
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| 1296 |
| | Edward I invades Scotland, massacres the people of Berwick, captures John de Balliol and brings to Westminster the Stone of Scone | |
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| 1297 |
| | William Wallace's victory over the English at Stirling Bridge enables him to rule Scotland on behalf of John de Balliol | |
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| 1298 |
| | The English longbow, in one of its early appearances, proves too much for the Scots at Falkirk | |
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| 1298 |
| | Edward I's victory at Falkirk ends the career of William Wallace, of whom nothing more is heard until his capture and execution in 1305 | |
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| 1306 |
| | After the murder of his rival, in a church in Dumfries, Robert de Bruce is crowned king of Scots at Scone | |
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| 1307 |
| | The English king Edward I dies campaigning near Carlisle, on an expedition north against his Scottish rival Robert the Bruce | |
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| 1314 |
| | After years of guerilla warfare, Robert de Bruce defeats the English conclusively at Bannockburn - and becomes at last secure in his kingdom | |
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| 1328 |
| | The English finally accept a treaty, in Edinburgh, declaring that Robert de Bruce is king of a Scotland 'free and divided from the kingdom of England' | |
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